مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم
سال پانزدهم شماره 10 (پیاپی 117، دی 1400)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) Acute Respiratory Syndrome has spread around the world. Various persistent complications and symptoms, including various physical and mental disorders, have been observed in recovered and discharged patients. The purpose of this review article was to study the persistent symptoms in patients recovering from Covid-19 and the importance of rehabilitation in the post-acute phase.

In this review study, related articles from databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, SID, Inlm, Web of Science, Scopus, Springer from 2019 to August 2021, were reviewed. The following keywords were also used in the article search process: Covid-19 (and similar) recovered, survivors, discharged, Persistent symptoms, consequences and post-acute.

A search of articles in databases identified 10,227 articles. After removing duplicate articles, articles in non-Persian and English languages, non-research articles and non- related articles, 61 articles were obtained that examined the persistent symptoms of recovered and discharged patients. The most persistent symptoms included dyspnea, fatigue and acquired weakness, psychological problems, and decreased quality of life.

The results showed that due to the persistent symptoms and clinical condition of Covid-19 disease, motor and pulmonary rehabilitation is necessary for the recovering. These programs should be continued in specialized departments or through home rehabilitation with the aim of regaining motor skills and improving mental health.

One of the factors affecting healthy behaviors in the elderly is self-efficacy and happiness will lead to success and health; therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between elderly happiness and self-efficacy in the elderly with chronic diseases.

A descriptive-analytical study was conducted among 132 elderly people aged 60 years and older living in a nursing home in Tabriz, IRAN (2010) that the sampling method was accessible and easy. Data were collected using Demographic Information Questionnaire and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Beliefs Scale and analyzed by SPSS v. 18 software

There was a significant relationship between happiness and marriage in the elderly (P=0.02) and between the self-efficacy score of the elderly with gender (P=0.02) and job (P=0.03) in order to have enough money to meet their needs (P=‌0.008). According to regression analysis, there was a statistical relationship between self-efficacy of the elderly with education and marriage (P=0.04). According to the positive correlation coefficient, with increasing Happiness, self-efficacy of the elderly also increases.

Increasing the happiness of the elderly will improve their performance in better management of treatment through appropriate self-efficacy.

Despite the progress of communities’ health, head lice (Pediculus capitis) infestation remains a major health problem. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of head lice infestation and its associated factors among female primary school students in Ghahavand County and compare with the previous studies.

The students were cross-sectionally examined and pediculosis infected students were identified. The student demographic information was collected and recorded. The results were analyzed by Chi-square test of SPSS software. Significance level was considered P<0.05.

Among 499 students participating in the study, 89 students (17.8%) had pediculosis. There was a significant difference between student pediculosis prevalence in terms of parents’ educational level, previous infestation history, parental assistance in health affairs, number of household members, and condition, type and length of students’ hair (P<0.05) But there was not a significant difference between student pediculosis prevalence in terms of student educational level, father’s employment, weekly bathing, and the use of personal brush (P>0.05). The results compared with the previous studies.

Head lice infestation is relatively high in students that depends on factors such as parent educational levels, previous infestation history, parental assistance in health care, number of household members, and the condition, type and length of the students’ hair. It is recommended to treat the pediculosis infected students along with attention to the instructions and training of parents and school health instructors.

Giving importance to research and increasing research activities in each country provides appropriate contexts for the development and progress of that country. This study was conducted to identify components related to the performance of faculty members of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences.

This research is a qualitative study of descriptive-exploratory type. In this study, purposeful sampling was used. Data collection was performed through semi-structured in-depth interviews, face to face and telephone calls. The key participants in the study were faculty members of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, of whom 21 were selected by purposeful sampling and interviewed. Each interview lasted an average of 40 to 60 minutes. Atrid-Sterling method was also used for analysis.

In this study, 21 faculty members of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences participated in the study, which 9 were female and 11 were male. In terms of academic rank, 4 people had full professor, 7 people had associate professor and 10 people had assistant professor. Finally, after analyzing the interview data and first coding, 80 basic themes were obtained, which were then reduced to fourteen organizing themes. Finally, global themes policy, individual and situational were identified as factors related to faculty research performance.

to achieve a comprehensive performance in the field of research depends on proper and correct planning in this area. Situations such as team thinking, knowledge-based, and community-oriented can improve faculty members’ research performance.

In order to evaluate the burden of disease in the provinces of Iran, this study seeks to investigate the provincial differences of the main causes of years of life lost in old age in 2016.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2016 at the provincial and national levels. These data were obtained from the registration system of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, and using the standard method of the World Health Organization, the number of years of life lost was calculated based on three causes of death for the elderly.

The share of elderly deaths in total deaths ranged from 43% in Sistan and Baluchestan province to 77% in Gilan province. Golestan province had the highest YLL rate due to cardiovascular diseases (345 per thousand) and cancers (227 per thousand) in old age and Kerman province with 81 per thousand had the highest YLL rate due to respiratory diseases at this age they had.

Increasing the proportion of elderly population in the future and, consequently, the increasing trend of deaths at this age and in order to better manage it, it is necessary to pay attention to provincial differences and potentials to improve the health of the elderly, especially in the field of causes of death.

Prenatal exposure to morphine has long-lasting effects on synaptic plasticity. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in neuronal survival and growth, serves as a neurotransmitter modulator, and participates in neuronal plasticity, which is essential for cognition, learning and memory. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is one of the important downstream proteins of BDNF- tropomycin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling. Exact effect of opioids on ERK expression in the neuronal cells is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of prenatal morphine exposure on BDNF and ERK protein levels in the rat fetal brain.

Pregnant rats (n=8) received increasing daily doses of morphine (0.1-0.4 mg/kg) in their drinking water. The brains of fetuses from both morphine-addicted and controls mothers were isolated at day 19 of gestation, and the levels of BDNF and p-ERK were measured using Western-blotting assay. The data presented as Mean±‌SEM and statistical analysis was performed by Unpaired T-test to compare between two groups.

Our data revealed that the level of BDNF and p-ERK significantly decreased in the fetus’s brain of morphine addicted mothers comparing to control group.

Chronic exposure to morphine prenatally, could affect and diminish structural plasticity in the developing rat brain. It is probable that morphine exert this effect by reduction of BDNF level that consequently attenuate ERK phosphorylation.

Schizophrenia is one of the most severe psychiatric disorders that has a recurrent nature. Frequent relapses have destructive impacts on patient’s thoughts, behaviors and relationships. These can lead to disruption of personal and social performance of patient. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for increasing the number of relapses.

In this retrospective cohort study, data from medical records of individuals with SSD who were admitted at least once to Farabi Hospital between 2015 and 2019 years extracted. To determine factors related to recurrence of Schizophrenia, Univariate and multivariate analysis and multivariate Poisson Regression were performed respectively. Analysis was done using STATA 14.1.

Based on extracted data from 401 medical records, 255 (63.6%) were males and 146 (36.4%) were females. A total of 1105 relapse were observed in males with 683 cases, and females with 422 cases. 65 patient experienced relapse from 5 to 11 times. Among considered variables, Employment status (RR=0.85, P-value=0.043), age (RR=0.99, P-value=0.03), Mode of Onset (RR=0.78, P-value=0.027) and Medication Adherence (RR=1.67, P<0.001) were significant on increasing readmission.

According to the results of this study, the young age of onset of schizophrenia, the gradual onset of the disorder, unemployment and drug non-compliance had a significant effect on increasing the risk of recurrence in patients with schizophrenia. considering above risk factors, it seems necessary to perform preventive and therapeutic measures to reduce the risk of relapses. Patients with non-adherence can be under education and counseling.